 | Ur was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar in southern Iraq. Although Ur was once a coastal city near the mouth of the Euphrates on the Gulf, the coastline has shifted and the city is now inland, south of the Euphrates, 16 km (9.9 mi) from Nasiriyah.  |
 |  Gold Helmet of Sumerian King Meskalamdug |  Electrum drinking tumbler. |  Queen Pu-abi's gold ring |
 | Close to temple buildings at the center of the city, a garbage dump built up over centuries. Unable to use the area for building, the people of Ur started to bury their dead there. The cemetery was used between about 2600-2000 BC. Many graves were very rich. The tomb of Pu-abi was excavated along with some 1800 other graves at the "Royal Cemetery of Ur" between 1922 and 1934.  |  |
 | Pu-abi's tomb was unique because of the large amount of high quality and well-preserved grave goods and because her tomb had been untouched by looters through millennia. Along a wall, three lyres and a harp deteriorated by time stood still in silence.  |  |
 Fluted Gold Bowl from Pu-abi's tomb |  Gold and lapis lazuli bull's head was attached to a lyre. |  Gold bead with filigree |
 Gold bull amulet, originally part of a necklace. The bearded bull was considered divine |  |  Gold spouted cup from the Royal Tomb of Queen Pu-abi |  |
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